Description
The map labels countries, cities, rivers, and islands in a high degree of detail. Oceans are colored green (blue toned under yellowed varnish); landmasses in yellow, orange, green and tan. Mountain ranges are shaded pictorially with hatch marks. The equinoctial colure, ecliptic and equator are graduated. There is a figure-eight analemma in the Pacific Ocean. Unlike earlier 19th-century globes that left of the unexplored coastline of Antarctica blank, it is completely mapped, however, the contours presented were not entirely correct based on present knowledge. The Hawaiian Islands are labeled both Hawaii and Sandwich Islands. In the continental United States, Oklahoma is divided into “Oklahoma” and “Indian Ter[ritory]” consistent with 1896 date of the globe.
The globe’s creator was Thomas Jones, an inventor in Denver Colorado who patented a process of manufacturing relief geographical maps or globes in 1890 in which “the topography of the land-sections is represented in relief and the water-spaces cut away or depressed, so that such spaces may be shown as adapted to hold water and be made in fact sheets of water.” In the patent application he described the educational value of such a model as “making a more vivid and last impression upon the mind of the student…than a mere flat map or plain ordinary globe.” In 1896, the A.H. Andrews Company of Chicago issued a 12-inch “Deep Sea” terrestrial globe by Thomas Jones having depths of the ocean floor according to a color-coded scheme and with numeric depth soundings for more precise information. This was followed in 1897 by a Andrews raised relief Model of the Earth by Thomas Jones. According to Warner: ” This was a relief globe of the earth’s surface, with the vertical dimensions multiplied 40 times the horizontal so as to be visible. Water was omitted, to make visible the features of the ocean floor.” In 1900, Rand McNally & Company began offering the Jones’ “Model of the Earth” showing both continents and ocean areas in relief. Rand McNally continued producing this globe in various sizes during the early 20th century. Rand McNally also published A Manual to Accompany the Jones Model of the Earth, authored by Jones in 1907.
In the last decades of the 19th century, Chicago became the leading center for commercial cartographic publishing in the United States. As the hub of the expanding American railroad system, it was logical for Chicago publishers to incorporate the latest railway routes into a complex mapping of America. In addition, cerography, an innovative wax-engraving printing technique, was adopted by Chicago publishers enabling larger printings and more efficient updates of maps and atlases.
The production of terrestrial globes also proliferated in Chicago. A.H. Andrews, a clerk for the major east coast Holbrook family of globe makers, traveled to Chicago to begin his own globe business in the early 1860s. A.H. Andrews & Co. was succeeded by C.F. Weber & Co. at the turn of the century, and then by Weber Costello Company about 1907. Weber Costello continued production through the 1950s.
Oval cartouche: THE A.H. ANDREWS CO./ DEEP SEA GLOBE/ 12 INCH/ CHICAGO, U.S.A./ Copyright 1896, by/ THOMAS JONES.
Table below cartouche: SHADING OF COLOR INDICATING DEPTH/ COAST LINE TO 600 FEET/ 6000 “/ 8000 “/ 12000 “/ 15000 “/ 15000 TO 18000 “/ BELOW 18000 ”
Condition: Generally very good with the usual overall light toning, handling, wear. Varnish a bit yellowed. Minor extraneous blue line in South Pacific Ocean. Ocean current lines a bit faded.
References:
Burrell, Carolyn. “The Chicago Group: 20th Century Globe Makers in the Chicago Area.” Globe Studies, No. 53/54, 2007, p. 154. JSTOR. www.jstor.org/stable/23993631 (19 October 2020).
Catalogue of Copyright Entries, Part 1. Vol. 4, No. 1. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 2 January 1908. p. 207. Online at Google Books: https://www.google.com/books/edition/Catalog_of_Copyright_Entries/DvU3AQAAMAAJ (19 October 2020).
Jones, Thomas. “Process of Manufacturing Relief Geographical Maps or Globes, Patent No. 431,469.” United States Patent Office. 1 July 1890. Online at https://patents.google.com/patent/US431469 (19 October 2020).
Warner, Deborah Jean. “The Geography of Heaven and Earth.” Rittenhouse Journal of the American Scientific Instrument Enterprise. Vol. 2, Nos. 1 & 3, 1987. pp. , 24-26, 99-100
